How to Use This Book

Structure

Each sector chapter in Part II follows a consistent template:

  1. Overview: Size of the sector (GDP contribution, employment), basic structure

  2. How the Industry Works: Business models, revenue streams, how money flows

  3. Industry Structure: Market concentration, major firms, competitive dynamics

  4. Geographic Distribution: Where the industry is concentrated, regional patterns

  5. The Workforce: Who works in this sector, occupations, wages

  6. Regulation and Policy: Key regulatory agencies, major policy frameworks

  7. Trade Associations and Lobbying: How the industry organizes politically

  8. Recent Trends: Structural changes underway

  9. Firm Profiles: Brief profiles of 2-3 exemplary firms

  10. Data Sources and Further Reading: Where to learn more

Conventions

Data Sources

Throughout the book, I cite data from standard government sources:

  • BEA: Bureau of Economic Analysis (GDP, industry accounts)

  • BLS: Bureau of Labor Statistics (employment, wages)

  • Census: Census Bureau (business establishments, trade)

  • Fed: Federal Reserve (financial data, flow of funds)

Industry Classification

Industries are classified using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). See Appendix C for a reference guide.

Dollar Figures

Unless otherwise noted, dollar figures are nominal (not adjusted for inflation) and refer to the 2022-2023 period.

Firm Data

When discussing specific companies, data typically comes from SEC filings (10-K annual reports) for public companies, or from industry sources for private companies.

Reading Paths

You don't need to read this book front-to-back. Here are some suggested paths:

For a broad overview: Read Part I (Chapters 1-3) to understand the overall structure, then dip into specific sectors of interest.

For regional analysis: Start with Chapter 3 (Geography), then read the relevant regional chapter in Part V.

For policy context: Focus on Part VI (Institutions and Governance) and the regulation sections within sector chapters.

For financial analysis: Read Part III (Financial Architecture) and Chapter 8 (Finance and Insurance).

Interactive Visualizations

Throughout this book, you'll find interactive visualizations that let you explore the data yourself. These include:

  • GDP Treemap (Chapter 1): Explore GDP composition by industry with hover details and multiple view modes

  • Employment Chart (Chapter 1): Compare sectors by employment, GDP share, and productivity

  • Circular Flow Diagram (Chapter 2): Animated visualization of how money flows through the economy

  • Regional Map (Chapter 23): Interactive map of America's top 20 metro economies

  • Shock Propagation (Chapter 32): Explore how economic shocks cascade through industries and regions

  • Data Explorer: A full dashboard for comparing any sectors across all metrics

circle-check

Technical Appendices

The appendices provide more detail on:

  • Data sources and how to access them

  • How to read BEA industry tables

  • NAICS codes and what they mean

These are designed for readers who want to do their own analysis or verify the numbers in the text.

Last updated